Definitions (Blood Circulation)
BLOOD CIRCULATION
Circulatory system: The system of body which helps in
transportation of nutrients and oxygen to tissues and collects their waste
products.
Blood: Blood is a fluid connective tissue that circulates in a
closed system of blood vessels.
Plasma: A transparent, pale yellowish fluid which is non living
and contains several substance like hormones, antibodies etc.
RBC: A circular biconcave and disc like structure present in
plasma which carries oxygen is called RBC.
Hemoglobin: The iron rich red coloured respiratory
pigment.
Anemia: the disease caused due
to decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in RBC is called anemia.
WBC : WBC are colourless irregular in shape which have nucleus.
Leucopenia: it is the condition in which there is decrease
in the number of RBC
Leukaemea: it is the condition in which there is increase
in the number of WBC than normal.
Platelets: The platelets are small, colourless, rounded
or ovals shape formed form giant cells of the bone marrow.
Coagulation: The mechanism of formation of a plug like
structure ate injuries to prevent loss of blood.
Polycythemia: An abnormal increase in the number of RBC in
blood.
Hemophilia: A hereditary disease in which the blood loses
its ability of clot and leading to slow and persistent bleeding.
Thrombopenia: An abnormal decrease in the number of
platelets.
Pericardium: A double layered membrane sac that enclosed the
heart.
Pericardial fluid: The heart is surrounded by two delicate
membranes called pericardial membranes between which there is a fluid called
pericardial fluid.
Heart: The pumping organ that pumps the blood through the body.
Heart beat: The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of
heart is called heart beat.
Valves: The apertures which allow only unidirectional
flow of blood through the heart are called valves.
Septum: The muscular portion which divides heart into right and
left halves is called septum.
Pericardial cavity: The narrow cavity between the two layers is
called pericardial cavity.
Systole: The contraction phase of the ventricle of heart
is called systole.
Diastole: The relaxation phase of the ventricles of the
heart is called diastole.
Blood vessels: The tubes, through blood flows in the body are
known as blood vessels.
Artery: The thick walled blood vessels which carry blood away from
the heart are called artery.
Veins: The thin walled blood vessel which carries blood from
various parts of body into the heart is called veins.
Capillaries: Microscopic, extremely narrow and thin walled
blood vessels which connect arteries and veins are called capillaries.
Blood pressure: The force exerted by blood on the walls of
arteries is called blood pressure.
Systolic pressure: The blood pressure inside the arteries during
the ventricular contraction.
Diastolic pressure: The pressure inside the arteries during the
ventricular relaxation is called diastolic pressure.
Hypertension: The condition of high blood pressure which is
caused by the constriction of arteries.
Sphygmomanometer: The instrument which is used to measure the
human blood pressure is called sphygmomanometer.
Systemic circulation: The circulation of blood in between the
heart and different parts of the body except the lung is called systemic
circulation.
Pulmonary circulation: The circulation of blood in between
heart and lung is called pulmonary circulation.
Pulse: The abrupt expansion of artery resulting from the sudden
ejection of blood into the aorta and its transmission through the arterial
system.
Pulse rate: The number of heart beat per minute is called
pulse rate.
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